Taking care of your pet’s teeth is an essential part of their overall health and well-being. Just like humans, our furry friends can suffer from dental problems that, if left unchecked, can lead to pain, infection, and more complicated health issues. 

In this article, we’ll explore the ins and outs of professional dental cleanings for pets — from when you should schedule an appointment to what you can expect during the procedure. We’ll also cover common dental problems and best practices for maintaining your pet’s dental hygiene. 

When to bring your pet to the vet for a dental cleaning

While daily dental care at home is ideal, professional cleanings are necessary to catch plaque and tartar buildup in hard-to-reach areas. Here are some key signs that it’s time to schedule a dental appointment for your pet: 

• Visible tartar or plaque: If you notice a yellow or brown buildup on your pet’s teeth — it may be time for a professional cleaning.
• Bad breath: While a certain odor may be normal for some species, a sudden change to a more repulsive smell can indicate dental issues.
• Gum redness or swelling: Inflamed or bleeding gums are signs of gingivitis, which can be a precursor to more serious periodontal disease in any pet.
• Reluctance to eat: Pain or discomfort from dental issues can cause your pet to lose interest in food or have difficulty chewing.
• Behavioral changes: Excessive drooling, increase in whining (especially while eating), or pawing at the mouth are signs that you should consider a visit to your vet.  

Early intervention is crucial. Many veterinarians recommend an annual dental check-up for pets, especially as they age, to catch early signs of dental disease and help prevent complications that might otherwise require more invasive — and expensive — procedures down the road.

What to expect during a professional dental cleaning

Dental cleanings generally require two visits at minimum. The first visit will include an oral examination, bloodwork, and a physical exam to confirm that your pet is a healthy candidate for anesthesia. In the following visit, your pet will be anesthetized and one or more of the following procedures will be performed:

1. Dental scaling and polishing

Once your pet is safely under anesthesia, a vet or trained veterinary technician will use specialized dental instruments to remove plaque and tartar from all tooth surfaces. This process, known as scaling, ensures that hard-to-reach areas are thoroughly cleaned. After scaling, the teeth are polished to smooth the enamel to help prevent future plaque buildup. 

2. In-depth oral examination

With your pet’s mouth open and clean, the veterinarian can perform a detailed examination of the teeth, gums, and oral tissues. They might use dental x-rays to detect issues below the gum line, such as bone loss, abscesses, or impacted teeth.

3. Additional procedures as needed

Additional treatments may be performed during the same session if any problematic areas are identified. This could include tooth extractions, treatment for gum disease, or other dental procedures according to your pet’s specific needs. In some cases, your vet may prescribe antibiotics or pain management medications to help your pet recover comfortably.

Common dental problems in pets

Dental disease is one of the most common health issues among pets. Understanding these conditions can help you recognize early signs and take preventative action: 

Best practices for your pet's dental hygiene

Preventative care is key to avoiding more serious health issues. Here are some best practices to keep your pet's teeth healthy:

Daily brushing

• Use the right tools: Look for a pet-specific tooth and never use human toothpaste as it contains ingredients that are toxic and not meant to be swallowed. Look for species specific toothpastes approved by the Veterinary Oral Health Council or other veterinary organizations.
• Establish a routine: Aim to brush your pet's teeth daily or at least several times a week. Consistency is crucial to prevent plaque buildup. Remember that some pets may be sensitive about their mouth. If this is new for your pet, make sure you take the time to help them adjust to this addition to their routine. For more tips on your pet's dental health, check out four ways to clean your pet’s teeth. 

Dental chews and toys

• Chewing helps: Dental chews and specially designed chew toys can help reduce tartar buildup through mechanical cleaning. These are available for many types of pets.
• Choose wisely: Look for products approved by veterinary dental associations that have been proven to reduce plaque and freshen breath. 

Regular vet visits 

• Routine check-ups: Regular veterinary visits allow for early detection and treatment of dental issues.
• Professional cleanings: Even with a thorough home care routine, professional cleanings address areas that regular brushing might miss and can help catch more subtle dental issues before they become big, and expensive, problems.  

Monitor your pet’s behavior 

• Look for signs: Take note of changes in your pet’s eating habits, behavior, and oral comfort. Early detection of dental problems can make a significant difference in treatment outcomes.